Remove overmature flowers during growth period, cutting a part of the stem to the first or second five-petaled. Remember to remove wild stems that grow below the grafting point. Prune in late winter, before the unfolding of new buds, as follows: Shrubs: Hard, rejuvenescent pruning. Leave 4-5 strong, young stems, radiating from the center of the plant, with a length of 30 to 50 cm (3-5 buds). Arboraceous varieties: same pruning directions as in the shrubby varieties, from the grafting mark and above. Climbing varieties: remove the dried branches and prune the secondary shoots, leaving 4-5 cm. from the leading branch. Miniatures: remove all withered flowers and prune away the weak branches. The remaining branches must be pruned up to the 1/3 of their height. Ground covering-varieties: prune by cutting to the 2/3 of their height. Pendent-branched varieties: remove withered flowers and prune away any weak branches.