Bulbophyllum longiflorum is native to Africa, Molukka Islands, New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tahiti and probably Guam. In Africa, plants were found in Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zimbabwe and Madagascar, on the islands of Mascarene and in the Seychelles. They grow epiphytically in forests, usually on vertical branches in deep shade, at heights of 500-1700 m. In Madagascar they meet near Antananarivo, Antisiranana, and in many other locations at altitudes from sea level up to 1200 m. In Australia, they are found in rainforests in the McIlwraith Range of north-east Queensland. They grow there on trees and vines, usually in humid places, where there is a lot of air movement, along the banks of streams and on the crests of hills. In the Solomon Islands and in Vanuatu, they grow in rainforests, usually in fairly bright places, at a height of about 200 m.