Leaves are evergreen, appearing opposite but spirally arranged with 4 evenly spaced leaves in a cycle, appearing as 4 columns when viewed from the side of the stem (4-ranked). Branch leaves are green, somewhat shiny, the base extending down the stem (decurrent) and the free portion at the tip pointed and scale-like. Branches are rectangular in cross-section, flattened on the underside with the associated leaf minute compared to the rest.